The Medieval Philosopher Who Challenged Prophets

While famous as a pioneering doctor, al-Razi was also a radical thinker who questioned the necessity of divine revelation. He argued that human reason was enough to guide moral living without prophets.

Living over a thousand years ago, this Persian polymath dared to suggest that religious prophecy was unnecessary because all people are born with the capacity for wisdom. He proposed a unique philosophy centered on five eternal principles, including time and space, which existed alongside the creator. Because he openly criticized organized religion, most of his writings were condemned by later scholars. We only know of his controversial ideas today through the works of his fiercest critics.